Renewable energy sources are gaining increasing importance in the global pursuit of sustainable development. Among these, biodiesel stands out as a promising alternative to conventional fossil fuels. Biodiesel is typically produced from vegetable oils through a process known as transesterification, which yields fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Thes

The urgent need for efficient energy storage systems has stimulated significant research into novel battery materials. Traditional lithium-ion batteries, while effective, face limitations in terms of durability. Researchers are now exploring a wide variety of cutting-edge materials, including sodium-ion batteries, to enhance battery life cycle. The